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Evaluation of the success rate of various inpatient alcohol addiction treatment programs in the Czech Republic and their comparison
- T. Skorkovsky, J. Vevera, M. Benis, M. Miovsky, P. Popov
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 66 / Issue S1 / March 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 19 July 2023, p. S678
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Introduction
Harmful alcohol use far exceeds other mental disorders in the proportion of patients who do not receive adequate treatment. Despite the long history of anti-alcohol treatment in Czech Republic, there is no published prospective study to this day, in which patients that underwent inpatient addiction treatment are compared to patients on the waiting list and only one prospective randomized study comparing two different medium-term inpatient programs was published.
Almost all the studies published so far only bring results of particular hospitals. Differences in methodology, differences between cohorts of patients, absence of profiling and differences in therapeutic programs and historical changes makes comparison of results of those studies very difficult.
ObjectivesThis work seeks to present and compare the data from studies that evaluate the success of medium-term inpatient treatment of alcohol dependent patients in the Czech Republic. Another aim was to identify problems that make such comparison difficult.
MethodsBibliographia Medica Čechoslovaca and Pubmed was used to find studies published in professional medical journals since 1970, in which abstinence of patients who voluntarily completed medium-term inpatient treatment of alcohol dependence is evaluated.
ResultsMedium-term inpatient treatment of alcohol addiction leads to one year abstinence in 34 to 76 % of patients. Such variance value is largely caused by different methodology of compared studies. In compared studies there are differences:
1. in definition of abstinence
2. if abstinence rate is assessed in all patients who have entered the treatment or only in those who have completed the treatment properly
3. if abstinence rate is calculated using number of patients entering treatment or the number of patients who have been obtained by valid information (outpatient clinic, questionnaires)
4. in the way the data was collected
5. in the composition of patients
6. in societal background, because there is large time gap present between compared studies
ConclusionsThe comparison of individual studies presented many problems. Further steps should be taken to help compare treatment programs in the future, as they provide different therapeutic interventions in different intensity and length to different patients. Adequate patient profiling, detailed description of therapeutic interventions and identification of effective components of the therapeutic program is a way to support further research in this area, optimize existing programs and increase the overall efficiency of treatment.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Personal beliefs versus evidence-based decisions: vaccination behavior and doubts about antidepressants of students of medicine are affected by conspiracy theories
- V. Pisl, D. Kestlerova, J. Losak, T. Skorkovsky, J. Vevera
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 66 / Issue S1 / March 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 19 July 2023, p. S1123
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- Article
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- You have access Access
- Open access
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Introduction
When medical professionals are obliged to adhere to lege artis and evidence-based decision-making, they need to interpret available evidence. As a complex cognitive process, however, such interpretation may be affected by socio-cognitive biases and predispositions. For instance, the conspiracy mentality (the general readiness to believe in conspiracy theories) or biological determinism (the belief that human lives are determined biologically) affect attitudes to antidepressant medication and vaccination in the public. Little is known about the effects of these variables on the decision-making of clinicians or students of medicine.
ObjectivesThe study examines the effects of conspiracy mentality (CM), covid-related conspiracy beliefs (CCBs), and biological determinism (BD) on the doubts students of medicine have about antidepressants and on their uptake of the booster dose of COVID-19 vaccine.
MethodsCM, CCBs and BD were measured in May 2022 in a sample of 179 students of medicine (115 females), using the Conspiracy Mentality Questionnaire by Bruder et al. (2013), set of items measuring CCBs developed by Imhoff and Laberty (2021), and the Biological Basis scale by Bastian and Haslam (2006), respectively. The doubts about antidepressants were measured by the Antidepressant Conspiracy Scale by Natoli et al. (2021) tapping participants’ beliefs that drugs and antidepressants specifically are ineffective and promoted and prescribed for financial gains. Logistic and linear regression models were used to predict respondents’ vaccine uptake and doubts about antidepressants.
ResultsBooster vaccine uptake was predicted by BD (OR = 1.45; p < .05) and CCBs (OR = .73; p < .05), together explaining 7% of the variance. Booster vaccine uptake was not predicted by CM.
Doubts about antidepressant medication were predicted by CM (b = .17, p < .001) but not BD (p = .89), together explaining 10% of the variance.
ConclusionsThe doubts students of medicine have about antidepressants and their vaccination behavior was predicted by their biological determinism, belief in conspiracy theories and general conspiracy mentality. Although the relationships were weak, they support claims that health-related beliefs and behaviors of students of medicine are related to their implicit beliefs and socio-cognitive predispositions. These personal factors may therefore affect their professional decision-making and should be addressed in medical education.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared